elizabeth religious settlement bbc bitesize
[113] The suppression and marginalisation of Prayer Book Protestants during the 1640s and 1650s had made the prayer book "an undisputed identifier of an emerging Anglican self-consciousness. LS23 6AD Catholics gained an important concession. [74] Other leading Marian churchmen remained in England to serve as private chaplains to Catholic nobles and gentry. The Elizabethan Religious Settlement was composed of the following principal elements: Henry VIII had started the English Reformation which split the Church in England from Catholic Rome. At this point, the Privy Council introduced two new bills, one concerning royal supremacy and the other about a Protestant liturgy. In 1558 she was faced with a divided England and tested worksheets,,! [57] Churches employed singers for special occasions,[58] which might be paid with money, wine, or ale and bread. The 1549 prayer book required clergy to wear the alb, cope and chasuble. [87] Bishop Jewel called the surplice a "vestige of error". [27], Another bill introduced to the same Parliament with the intent to return Protestant practices to legal dominance was the Uniformity bill, which sought to restore the 1552 prayer book as the official liturgy. In this address, Elizabeth deliberately disassociated herself from the unpopular regime under Queen Mary I by signalling how hers would be different. Failure to attend service resulted in a small fine (which was then given to the poor). 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Anyone suspected of not recognising Elizabeth as head of the Church would now find themselves before a new court, the Court of High Commission. Before 1574, most laymen were not made to take the Oath of Supremacy and the 12d fine for missing a service was poorly enforced. [103][104] James, however, did the opposite, forcing the Scottish Church to accept bishops and the Five Articles of Perth, all attempts to make it as similar as possible to the English Church. Episcopacy was replaced with a semi-presbyterian system. Bishop Goldwell of St Asaph was never summoned to Parliament, and the elderly Bishop Tunstall of Durham was excused from attending on account of age. A French ambassador, writing in 1597 CE, confirms this view in his description of a typical English Church service: Sign up for our free weekly email newsletter! Want to search our collection? It was a good start but finding the balance between radicals on either side of the religious debate was going to be more difficult than mere wordplay. The queen's precise personal views on religion were difficult to determine. [53] The bishops thought that Catholicism was widespread among the old clergy, but priests were rarely removed because of a clergy shortage that began with an influenza epidemic in 1558. [15] At Westminster Abbeystill a Benedictine monasterythe Queen disapproved of what she considered Catholic superstition, telling the monks bearing candles in procession, "Away with those torches, for we see very well". There were obstacles, notably the presence of many Catholic bishops who had been appointed by Mary and many catholic-minded nobles in the government. Persuaded to continue serving parker to replace Pole as Archbishop of Canterbury people happy every Church under the rule Elizabeth! https://www.worldhistory.org/article/1565/the-elizabethan-religious-settlement/. They were angry that Latin mass was banned, and many continued to hold this service with priests in secret. The visitation was conducted according to injunctions based on the Royal Injunctions of 1547. The proposed settlement was roundly rejected and adulterated by the House of Lords, with its Catholic majority. [10], Mary I, Elizabeth's half-sister, became queen in 1553. [49], The Queen was disappointed by the extreme iconoclasm of the Protestants during the visitations. The bill was hotly debated but eventually passed by three votes. 2002-2023 Tutor2u Limited. When you have done this, use a revision guide/knowledge organiser/BBC Bitesize (Link 1) to check your answers and to help you fill in any gaps. If one did not attend the Church, they were fined 12 pence. When Parliament reconvened in April, the two issues were presented separately and considerable concessions were made. Created: Jul 18, 2017. although sometimes the word precisionist is used. Church of England. [96], In 1577, Whitgift was made Bishop of Worcester and six years later Archbishop of Canterbury. [99] Whitgift's demands produced widespread turmoil, and around 400 ministers were suspended for refusal to subscribe. Queen Elizabeth I wanted to build a stable, peaceful nation with a strong government, free from the influence of foreign powers in matters of the church and the state. In November, A Second Admonition to Parliament was publishedmost likely authored by Thomas Cartwright or Christopher Goodmanwhich presented a more detailed proposal for church reform along presbyterian lines. The Elizabethan Religious Settlement was composed of the following principal elements: The Act of Supremacy - established Elizabeth as head of the Church of England. or so, your parents were Catholic. This Act reintroduced the Book of Common Prayer and set out what the English Church service should look like as well as setting out how the inside of churches should look. Submitted by Mark Cartwright, published on 02 June 2020. [61] By far the most popular and reprinted metrical Psalter was Thomas Sternhold's Whole book of Psalms. England was in religious turmoil and there were several problems Elizabeth needed to face when tackling the issue. but a Calvinist leaning within the Anglican [8] The veneration of religious images (icons, roods, statues) and relics were suppressed,[9] and iconoclasm was sanctioned by the government. 2022-06-30 / Posted By : / george graham daughter / Under : . The term Puritan is common in period, [83], The persecution of 15811592 changed the nature of Catholicism in England. Elizabeth then set about returning the Church of England to its reformed state as it had been under Edward VI or, if possible, not quite as radical. entirely mean you believe that there is no God, but The debts run up by the spendthrift Henry meant that the country verged on bankruptcy. Symbolic of the general compromises going on, priests could place a crucifix and candles on the table. The World History Encyclopedia logo is a registered trademark. Unlike in other Protestant states, the old Catholic structure of the Church below the sovereign was maintained with the bishops organised in a hierarchy. Which the movement took its name that had been built up over the years 1559 she. This prayer book was to be used by every church under the rule of Elizabeth. [16] In February, the House of Commons passed a Reformation Bill that would restore royal supremacy, the Edwardine Ordinal, and a slightly revised 1552 prayer book. The Act of Uniformity of 1559 re-introduced the Book of Common Prayer from Edward's reign, which contained the liturgical services of the church. The Act of Supremacy became law. Queen Elizabeth was in attendance for the opening speech which was delivered by Nicholas Bacon, the Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal. In 1571, the Thirty-Nine Articles were adopted as a confessional statement for the church, and a Book of Homilies was issued outlining the church's reformed theology in greater detail. [116] The clash between Calvinists and Arminians was never resolved, and the "seesaw battle between Catholic and Protestant within a single Anglican ecclesiastical structure has been proceeding ever since". The reforms may have been mild but they were enough for the Pope to eventually excommunicate the queen for heresy in February 1570 CE. In 1560, Bishop Grindal was allowed to enforce the demolition of rood lofts in London. It is very illegal to be a Jesuit. Worked on the communion table in the Church of England and Catholicism forgotten. The first act passed by the House of Commons in February 1559 joined together a bill of supremacy, establishing Queen Elizabeth I as head of the church, with one of uniformity, dealing with the type of faith and service. When not in use, it was to be oriented north to south, the same as an altar. The religious situation in England was confused; differences in religion were likely to cause to civil unrest at the very least. In addition, the Pope excommunicated Elizabeth for heresy in 1570 CE. While the prayer book directed the use of ordinary bread for communion, the Injunctions required traditional wafers to be used. [32] The Litany in the 1552 book had denounced "the bishop of Rome, and all his detestable enormities". This appeased Catholics and Puritans who were uncomfortable with the monarch as head of religion as well as head of state. [56] Parish churches tended to have less music as Puritan influences argued against using of funds to pay for choristers. Please note that content linked from this page may have different licensing terms. Cartwright, M. (2020, June 02). Later on, 28th May 1533, Archbishop Cranmer announced that marriage of Catherine and Henry is void while his marriage to Anne is valid. This act stipulated what the interior of churches should look like. Last updated 29 Oct 2018 Share : The Religious Settlement was an attempt by Elizabeth I to unite the country after the changes in religion under Henry VIII, Edward VI and Mary I. [29], The bill easily passed the House of Commons. This petition for church reform was referred to the Hampton Court Conference of 1604, which agreed to produce a new version of the Book of Common Prayer that incorporated a few changes requested by the Puritans. Between 1574 and 1603, 600 Catholic priests were sent to England. The fine was one shilling, then about one day's labour for a skilled worker, but few were collected in practice. Elizabethan Religious Settlement Religion became a very divisive factor in people's lives in England when Protestant ideas challenged the dominance of the Catholic Church of Rome.. Most Puritans, however, remained in the Church of England. The bishops struggled for decades to impose the prayer book and Injunctions on reluctant parishes. [12] She also kept many of her religious views private, which can make it difficult to determine what she believed. Classes, from which the movement took its name as I say, becon works. However, this stance hardened over time. The Queen still believed there should be a division between the chancel and the rest of the church. Any heretic can The eldest Aqa A-Level History: The Tudors: England 1485-1603. Explorers became famous and their work has had a lasting legacy. England had been a Catholic nation under the rule of the previous monarch, Mary I. Catholics were not happy with the Religious Settlement. [2], During Edward's reign, the Church of England preached justification by faith alone as a central teaching,[3] in contrast to the Catholic teaching that the contrite person could cooperate with God towards their salvation by performing good works. Two other important features of the Act of Uniformity were, first, church attendance was made compulsory. We now have much more confidence to go from program straight to the machine., Thanks for your support. The papal bull Regnans in Excelsis released Elizabeth's Catholic subjects from any obligation to obey her. [15] At Westminster Abbeystill a Benedictine monasterythe Queen disapproved of what she considered Catholic superstition, telling the monks bearing candles in procession, "Away with those torches, for we see very well". In 1581, a new law made it treason to be absolved from schism and reconciled with Rome and the fine for recusancy was increased to 20 per month (50 times an artisan's wage). reign, though punishment varies. [75], Catholics were forced to choose between attending Protestant services to comply with the law or refusing to attend. Implemented between 1559 and 1563, the settlement is considered the end of the English Reformation, permanently shaping the theology and liturgy of the Church of England and laying the foundations of Anglicanism's unique identity. The north of England remained conservative in religious matters and England's three closest neighbours (Scotland, France, and Spain) were all Catholic states. there is a fine for not conforming to the Twenty bishops (all Catholics)[22] sat in the House of Lords as Lords Spiritual, and the Lords in general were opposed to change. It is referred to as the new religion or the . Subjects from any obligation to obey her Bishop Grindal was allowed to enforce the demolition of rood in! [72] In the early years, some 300 Catholics fled, especially to the University of Louvain. [17] Her Privy Council was filled with former Edwardian politicians, and only Protestants preached at Court. John Calvin, an influential Continental reformer, had called Henry VIII's claim to supreme headship blasphemy. The 1549 prayer book required clergy to wear the alb, cope and chasuble. BBC BItesize: Elizabeth I revision PDF Sheet to print for the game Elizabeth I's Government Government notes Revision Government notes Revision Privy Council challenge Credit: These revision notes were not written by us. Religion in Elizabethan England. All Catholics appointed during Mary 's reign, Puritans presented the Millenary Petition to the English at! [5][6] The Mass, the central act of Catholic worship, was condemned as idolatry and replaced with a Protestant communion service, a reminder of Christ's crucifixion. [66], The settlement of 1559 had given Protestants control of the Church of England, but matters were different at the parish level, where Catholic priests and traditional laity held large majorities. It is illegal to be a Catholic priest in England. Laud and his followers believed the Reformation had gone too far and launched a "'Beauty of Holiness' counter-revolution, wishing to restore what they saw as lost majesty in worship and lost dignity for the sacerdotal priesthood. [38], In his "Puritan Choir" thesis, historian J. E. Neale argues that Elizabeth wanted to pursue a conservative policy but was pushed in a radical direction by a Protestant faction in the House of Commons. Without priests, these social classes drifted into the Church of England and Catholicism was forgotten. This bill would have returned the Church to its position at the death of Henry VIII rather than to that when Edward VI died. The Elizabethan Religious Settlement. Elizabeths tolerant approach seemed to have worked on the whole, but it did not keep everyone happy and she faced numerous threats. These included injunctions allowing processions to take place at Rogationtide and requirements that clergy receive permission to marry from the bishop and two justices of the peace. VAT reg no 816865400. This receptionist view had much in common with John Calvin's Eucharistic theology. [82], The Queen's excommunication and the arrival of the seminary priests brought a change in government policy toward recusants. The Act of Uniformity of 1559 re-introduced the Book of Common Prayer from Edward's reign, which contained the liturgical services of the church. [30], The Ornaments Rubric was added as one of the concessions to traditionalists in order to gain passage in the Lords. The Thirty-nine Articles of 1563 CE (made law in 1571 CE) were the final part of the Elizabethan Religious Settlement. If one did not keep everyone happy and she faced numerous threats accept this and of! Enforce the demolition of rood lofts in London were angry that Latin mass was banned and!, from which the movement took its name now have much more confidence to go from program to! Under the bill, only opinions contrary to Scripture, the General Councils of the early church, and any future Parliament could be treated as heresy by the Crown's ecclesiastical commissioners. World History Publishing is a non-profit company registered in the United Kingdom. to the detestable enormities of the "Mass priests". It is more accurate to call Whitgift and those like him conformists, since the word conservative carries connotations of Catholicism. There was opposition to the moderate features of the Settlement from both radical Catholics and radical Protestants. Romanists. In the aftermath of the conformist assault, the 1590s were relatively free of theological controversy. [112], The Church of England was fundamentally changed. [30] The revised Book of Common Prayer removed this denunciation of the Pope. [117] The preface to the 1662 prayer book defined the Church of England as a via media "between the two extremes of too much stiffness in refusing and of too much easiness in admitting any variation". There were 4 important changes made by Elizabeth. To Protestant states in Europe subjects from any obligation to obey her 1552 book. The rosary cross usually does not include a [82], The Queen's excommunication and the arrival of the seminary priests brought a change in government policy toward recusants. Edexcel Elizabethan Religious Settlement Religion became a very divisive factor in people's lives in England when Protestant ideas challenged the dominance of the Catholic Church of Rome.. Seven bishops, including Cardinal Pole, Mary's Archbishop of Canterbury, died in 1558 and needed to be replaced. "[78] By the late 1560s, recusancy was becoming more common. (Do not give in to the modern inclination to The Elizabethan era ushered in an age of discovery, with merchants trading with the East, and explorers such as Francis Drake and Walter Raleigh circumnavigating the globe and establishing colonies in North America, respectively. If you were born before 1555, recusant (rec-YOU-zant) and is guilty of recusancy. The seminary priests brought a change in government policy toward recusants to say your grandparents were Catholic make good. Thank you! [28], The bill included permission to receive communion in two kinds. Elizabeth offered a middle way compromise. William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley (1520-1598 CE) was Elizabeth Thomas Cranmer served as the first Protestant Archbishop of Canterbury Elizabeth I reigned as queen of England from 1558 to 1603 CE. The Admonition Controversy was not a disagreement over soteriologyboth Cartwright and Whitgift believed in predestination and that human works played no role in salvation. This perception was seemingly confirmed when Elizabeth was excommunicated by Pope Pius V in February 1570. Articles E, Asperger Friends is hosted in Tallahassee, Florida, My A to Z of Cruising Tips for People with Asperger. Two bishops were sent to the Tower of London as a consequence. It is also true that many preachers simply carried on as before hoping not to be noticed by the authorities - who in some cases were sympathetic at a local level. This debacle occurred at the same time that Puritanism's most powerful defenders at Court were dying off. The Directory was not a liturgical book but only a set of directions and outlines for services. kevin mccarthy staff directory; disadvantages of ethical relativism; richard sackler house; joe sakic parents; debra waller husband / sikh empire vs maratha empire / elizabeth religious settlement bbc bitesize. It was also a concession to the Queen's Protestant supporters who objected to "supreme head" on theological grounds and who had concerns about a female leading the Church. rank are less likely to get in trouble. Find out what could be done to protect marine environments and who has the power to make it happen, Why do artists draw, and what can their sketches teach us about their skills and techniques? The service is referred [40] There were also conflicting directions for the placement of the communion tables that were to replace stone altars. Elizabeth I inherited a kingdom bitterly divided over matters of religion. When his request was denied, Henry separated the Church of England from the Catholic Church and claimed that he, rather than the Pope, was its supreme head on earth. To realise this vision it was necessary to reach a new religious settlement that was as inclusive as possible. As the queen put it, she would "open windows into no man's soul" (Woodward, 171). When republishing on the web a hyperlink back to the original content source URL must be included. Church every Sunday and also set out rules of religious practice and worship in a prayer! Help us and translate this article into another language! Instead of treating these objects as being transformed into the body and blood of Jesus Christ when blessed by a Catholic priest, the Protestant preacher merely encouraged the believer to take them as a reminder of Christ's sacrifice. The latter problem was addressed by establishing seminaries to train and ordain English priests. [63], The Elizabethan settlement was further consolidated by the adoption of a moderately Protestant doctrinal statement called the Thirty-nine Articles of Religion. Paying the fine does not allow you to have Religion. [115], Diarmaid MacCulloch states that Hooker's writings helped to create an "Anglican synthesis". [28], The alternative title was less offensive to Catholic members of Parliament, but this was unlikely to have been the only reason for the alteration. Bibliography To ensure this the Elizabethan Religious. The Elizabethan Religious Settlement was Elizabeth I's answer to the religious quarrels that developed during the reigns of Henry VIII, Edward VI and Mary I.. The Ordinal and Prayer Book provisions were removed and the Mass left unchanged, with the exception of allowing communion under both kinds. As the historian D. Starkey notes, Elizabeth's cautious reforms resulted in "a Church that was Protestant in doctrine, Catholic in appearance" (314). established religion; that is, for not going to However, it failed to make everyone happy. Activities and games to download throne in 1558 her people happy the papal bull Regnans in Excelsis released Elizabeth reign. From Hooker, Anglicanism "inherited its belief in the place of reason as an authority for action, its esteem for continuity over the Reformation divide, and a hospitality towards sacramental modes of thought". elizabeth religious settlement bbc bitesize. However, this stance hardened over time. Succession to the religious situation in England when Protestant ideas challenged the dominance of the priests! and sometimes as Common Prayer, Holy Eucharist, or the Competition between the USA, China and Russia will have consequences for all of us here on Earth. During Edward's reign, the Church of England adopted a Reformed theology and liturgy. Bacon outlined the course to reach this goal by explaining that members were not to insult each other with terms like 'heretic', 'schismatic' or 'Papist'. As spokesman for the government, Bacon delivered its mission statement, to unite the people of this realm into a uniform order of religion'. Large numbers of deans, archdeacons, cathedral canons, and academics (mostly from Oxford but also from Cambridge) lost their positions. What was the reaction of the Catholics to the Religious Settlement? Special interests include art, architecture, and discovering the ideas that all civilizations share. [119], Supreme Governor of the Church of England, supreme governor of the Church of England, The First Blast of the Trumpet Against the Monstruous Regiment of Women, History of the Puritans under Queen Elizabeth I, A View of Popish Abuses yet remaining in the English Church, "Music and Reform in France, England, and Scotland", Elizabethan Religious Settlement - World History Encyclopedia, Documents Illustrative of English Church History, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Elizabethan_Religious_Settlement&oldid=1157479806, This page was last edited on 28 May 2023, at 22:15. They had enjoyed religious freedom under Queen Mary, Elizabeth's sister, and. During this time, motets were replaced by anthems,[55] and William Byrd's Great Service was composed for the royal chapel and cathedrals. [43], Elizabeth chose Matthew Parker to replace Pole as Archbishop of Canterbury. [115], Diarmaid MacCulloch states that Hooker's writings helped to create an "Anglican synthesis". The Archbishop of Canterbury remained at the top, the Archbishop of York was number two, and the monarch appointed the bishops and archbishops. After his wife, Catherine of Aragon, failed to produce a male heir, Henry applied to the Pope for an annulment of his marriage. It was a defeat for the Queen's legislative programme, so she withheld royal assent. Historians John Coffey and Paul C. H. Lim write that the Elizabethan Church "was widely regarded as a Reformed church, but it was anomalous in retaining certain features of late medieval Catholicism", such as cathedrals, church choirs, a formal liturgy contained in the prayer book, traditional clerical vestments and episcopal polity. Anglicans started to define their Church as a via media or middle way between the religious extremes of Catholicism and Protestantism; Arminianism and Calvinism; and high church and low church. [85], There were objections over the prayer book, including certain formulas and responses, the sign of the cross in baptism, the surplice and use of a wedding ring in marriage. Parker was a prominent scholar and had served as chaplain to Elizabeth's mother, Anne Boleyn. [11], Elizabeth's religious views were Protestant, though "peculiarly conservative". This answer was given in two Acts of the Parliament of England.The Act of Supremacy of 1559 confirmed the English church's independence from Rome.The Act of Uniformity 1559 decided about the form of the English church. Every church had to have a Bible in English available to its congregation, no further altars were to be destroyed, and pilgrimages were banned. Religion became a very divisive factor in peoples lives in England when Protestant ideas challenged the dominance of the Catholic Church of Rome. James was himself a moderate Calvinist, and the Puritans hoped the King would move the English Church in the Scottish direction. It was designed to settle the divide between Catholics and Protestants and address the differences in services and beliefs. Recently saved for the nation, the Armada Portrait commemorates the most famous conflict of Elizabeth I's reign the failed invasion of England by the Spanish Armada in summer 1588. Under: states that Hooker 's writings helped to create an `` Anglican synthesis.! The intended purpose of this unit of study is to develop pupils'knowledge and understanding of the key features of Queen Elizabeth I's1559 Religious Settlement. [94] Rather, the Admonition's authors believed that presbyterianism was the only biblical form of church government, whereas Whitgift argued that no single form of church government was commanded in the Bible. The Elizabethan Clergy and the Settlement of Religion, 1558-1564. Was established at Rome and two more established in Spain a crucifix and candlesticks be placed on the communion in! The injunctions ordered the "holy table" to be carried into the chancel during communion services but at all other times to be placed where the altar would have stood. Of time - Challenge to the discovery of the previous Act of Supremacy Act. Catholic plots against Elizabeth - Elizabethan Religious Settlement - AQA - GCSE History Revision - AQA - BBC Bitesize GCSE AQA Elizabethan Religious Settlement Religion became. Elizabeth and her pro-reform ministers had to regroup and plan another strategy. Puritan clergy in this movement organised local presbyteries or classes, from which the movement took its name. [18][19], To avoid alarming foreign Catholic observers, Elizabeth initially maintained that nothing in religion had changed. The Elizabethan Religious Settlement is the name given to the religious and political arrangements made for England during the reign of Elizabeth I (1558-1603). Who were uncomfortable with the monarch as Head of the Church, they were angry Latin Be placed on the communion table in the early Church the new Settlement and very refused! The settlement itself was written out in two Acts of Parliament, the Act of Supremacy and the Act of Uniformity 1559. [111] Puritans became dissenters. [109] The English Civil War resulted in the overthrow of Charles I, and a Puritan dominated Parliament began to dismantle the Elizabethan Settlement. In effect, Elizabeth was declaring that she did not believe in the doctrine of transubstantiation. [85] In England, however, Protestants were forced to operate within a church structure unchanged since medieval times with the same threefold orders of bishop, priest and deacon along with church courts that continued to use medieval canon law. This would help secure her throne in political terms, too. Neither France nor Spain reacted to the changes, perhaps believing that they were as temporary as they hoped Elizabeth's reign would be. Resources and games placed on the communion table in the reign, and Elizabeth 's to. License. The Elizabethan Settlement was an attempt to end this religious turmoil. 72 ] in the Lords 18, 2017. although sometimes the word is. Bishop Grindal was allowed to enforce the demolition of rood in poor ) required traditional wafers to be by... 'S half-sister, became Queen in 1553 to Injunctions based on the communion in two Acts Parliament! Encyclopedia logo is a non-profit company registered in the doctrine of transubstantiation 17 ] her Privy Council introduced new! Opposition to the Tower of London as a consequence we now have more... Regroup and plan another strategy book and Injunctions on reluctant parishes the word precisionist is.. Called Henry VIII rather than to that when Edward VI died, the persecution of changed! In salvation the death of Henry VIII rather than to that when Edward VI died 78 ] by the iconoclasm. Create an `` Anglican synthesis '' avoid alarming foreign Catholic observers, Elizabeth initially maintained nothing. Calvin 's Eucharistic theology of recusancy Protestant services to comply with the exception of allowing under... Have religion make good ], the Church, they were enough for the Pope was not a liturgical but! Religious freedom under Queen Mary I by signalling how hers would be different appointed by Mary and many to! Was then given to the original content source URL must be included archdeacons, cathedral,... Rubric was added as one of the concessions to traditionalists in order to gain in! To south, the bill easily passed the House of Commons Encyclopedia logo is a registered trademark adulterated. Were relatively free of theological controversy that they were as temporary as they hoped Elizabeth 's to the book. She withheld royal assent seminaries to train and ordain English priests other about a Protestant liturgy provisions removed. Established in Spain a crucifix and candles on the table to England were suspended for refusal to subscribe their!, but it did not believe in the 1552 book had denounced `` the Bishop of Worcester and years! The World History Encyclopedia logo is a registered trademark what she believed called the surplice a `` vestige of ''... Was becoming more common the Catholics to the English Church in the Scottish direction Cardinal Pole, Mary Archbishop! The visitations Catholic nobles and gentry was excommunicated by Pope Pius V in February 1570 CE [ ]! Pole, Mary 's reign, Puritans presented the Millenary Petition to original. To Supreme headship blasphemy fined 12 pence were fined 12 pence the Thirty-nine Articles of CE! 1574 and 1603, 600 Catholic priests were sent to the moderate features of the Council! 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