vanguard long term bond etf
Its usually sensible to have the first 10-20% of your bond holding in long-term bonds and to roughly match bond maturity to your investing horizon. WebThe changes include reductions for four broadly diversified bond ETFs and represent $8.8 million in aggregate net savings for investors.1 Vanguard's investor-owned corporate Starting in summer 2022, yields ascended well above 3% and have remained there. Provide specific products and services to you, such as portfolio management or data aggregation. U.S. government backing of Treasury or agency securities applies only to the underlying securities and does not prevent share-price fluctuations. This page includes historical dividend information for all Vanguard Bond listed on U.S. exchanges that are currently tracked by ETF Database. Already have a Vanguard Brokerage Account? When the company, municipality, or government that sold the bond (the "issuer") can't keep up with scheduled interest payments or return the full principalor face valueof the bond to its buyer when the bond matures. Get our overall rating based on a fundamental assessment of the pillars below. Vanguard Brokerage Services commission and fee schedules. WebFind the latest Vanguard Long-Term Treasury Index Fund (VGLT) stock quote, history, news and other vital information to help you with your stock trading and investing. Analytical and entrepreneurial-minded data nerd, usability enthusiast, Boglehead, and Oxford comma advocate. When the symbol you want to add appears, add it to My Quotes by selecting it and pressing Enter/Return. BLV Vanguard Long-Term Bond ETF A -- What is BLV? In 2022, about 70% of advisor portfolios underweighted Treasuries compared with the Bloomberg U.S. Universal Index, according to an analysis of 485 fixed income portfolios by Vanguard Advisor Portfolio Analytics and Consulting.1. Dollars. He has managed the Vanguard Variable Insurance Funds Global Bond Index Portfolio since its inception in 2017. Read my lengthier disclaimer here. Trump lawyers blast DA Alvin Bragg's case, but legal experts have this to say, Kasich: 'There's no way' Trump can go back to White House, Daily Briefing: 'I never thought anything like this could happen in America', What liberal win in Wisconsin Supreme Court means for abortion, legislative maps, Johnson elected mayor of Chicago in close-race victory for progressives. See Disclaimer. When included in a well-balanced portfolio, bond ETFs can help limit the risks associated with stock ETFs. When the symbol you want to add appears, add it to Watchlist by selecting it and pressing Enter/Return. Outsmart the market with Smart Portfolio analytical tools powered by TipRanks. Vanguard Long-Term Bond ETF declares monthly distribution of $0.2586 Mar. For some that may require a combination of different funds. This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Vanguard Bond ETFs are funds that track various fixed-income sectors and segments of the global bond market. The following table includes expense data and other descriptive information for all Vanguard Long Term Bond ETFs listed on U.S. exchanges that are currently tracked by ETF Database. To see the profile for a specific Vanguard mutual fund, ETF, or 529 portfolio, browse a list of all: Vanguard mutual funds | Vanguard Vanguard Total International Bond ETF holds more than 4,500 bonds from both developed and emerging non-U.S. markets. Market data provided by Xignite. However, this has also earned them the nickname of "junk" bonds because of their higher risk of default. At no additional cost to you, if you choose to make a purchase or sign up for a service after clicking through those links, I may receive a small commission. The table below includes basic holdings data for all U.S. listed Vanguard Bond ETFs that are currently tagged by ETF Database. Our authors can publish views that we may or may not agree with, but they show their work, distinguish facts from opinions, and make sure their analysis is clear and in no way misleading or deceptive. While market volatility may continue, higher yields across fixed income markets historically have provided more of a cushion against negative returns. Clicking on any of the links in the table below will provide additional descriptive and quantitative information on Vanguard Bond ETFs. You'll find our strong reputation with market participants provides best possible execution from bond dealers and participation in primary issuances. The performance of an index is not an exact representation of any particular investment, as you cannot invest directly in an index. The Information is provided as is and the user of the Information assumes the entire risk of any use it may make or permit to be made of the Information. VGLT invests across the entire long-term US Treasury spectrum (10 years and longer), excluding inflation-protected bonds. If youre looking for a more simplified way to browse and compare ETFs, you may want to visit our ETF Database Categories, which categorize every ETF in a single best fit category. Traditional IRA Which Is Better for You? We believe the outlook for Treasuries has brightened considerably. This BND. The ETF Database Ratings are transparent, quant-based evaluations of ETFs relative to other products in the same ETF Database Category. U.S. News evaluated 6 Long-Term Bond ETFs and 5 make our Best Fit list. Privacy Policy and For more detailed holdings information for any ETF, click on the link in the right column. This ETF has an expense ratio of only 0.05%. PSLDX A Review of the PIMCO StocksPLUS Long Duration Fund. Gear advertisements and other marketing efforts towards your interests. Easily browse and evaluate ETFs by visiting our Responsible Investing themes section and find ETFs that map to various environmental, social and governance themes. Below are the 5 best long term bond ETFs. Clicking on any of the links in the table below will provide additional descriptive and quantitative information on Vanguard Long Term Bond ETFs. Credit quality is usually determined by independent bond rating agencies, such as Moody's Investors Service and Standard & Poor's (S&P). I would like to receive free Advisor Practice Management Guides, the U.S. News Advisor Weekly newsletter, and occasional updates regarding the U.S. News Advisor Directory. We also sell both admissions and sponsorship packages for our investment conferences and advertising on our websites and newsletters. These funds focus on debt sponsored by the U.S. government and investment-grade corporate issuers. You and your clients gain greater coverage across most markets, efficient operations, and instant diversification with exposure to hundreds of securities because our portfolios hold a large number of bonds on a relative basis. read. Develop and improve features of our offerings. BLV tracks a market value-weighted index of investment-grade USD-denominated government, corporate, and Thebid&askrefers to the price that an investor is willing to buy or sell a stock. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. In an era of modest returns, the last thing any investor wants is taxes eating away your gains. Diversification does not ensure a profit or protect against a loss. We may use it to: To learn more about how we handle and protect your data, visit our privacy center. Investors who want to align their money and environmental ethics should consider green mutual funds. The Vanguard Long-Term Treasury ETF (VGLT) is a popular, affordable way to access long-term treasury bonds. This index includes all medium and larger issues of U.S. government, investment-grade corporate, and investment-grade international dollar-denominated bonds that have maturities of greater than 10 years and are publicly issued. Your California Privacy Rights/Privacy Policy. STRIPS are long-dated treasury bonds that strip the bonds coupon payments to increase the average duration. VXUS vs. VEU Which Vanguard Total International ETF? Here well look at the best long term bond ETFs. Thanks, Neil! The following table includes certain tax information for all Vanguard Long Term Bond ETFs listed on U.S. exchanges that are currently tracked by ETF Database, including applicable short-term and long-term capital gains rates and the tax form on which gains or losses in each ETF will be reported. Required fields are marked *. MSCI ESG is a Registered Investment Adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940. The links in the table below will guide you to various analytical resources for the relevant ETF, including an X-ray of holdings, official fund fact sheet, or objective analyst report. I am not a financial advisor, portfolio manager, or accountant. A strategy intended to lower your chances of losing money on your investments. 31, 2023 1:01 PM ET Vanguard Long-Term Bond ETF (BLV) By: Urvi Shah , SA News Note that certain ETFs may not make dividend payments, and as such some of the information below may not be meaningful. This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google A szemlyes adatok felhasznlsnak mdjrl az adatvdelmi irnyelvekben s a cookie-szablyzatban olvashat tovbbi informcit. I'm not a big fan of social media, but you can find me on LinkedIn and Reddit. Decrease the overall credit risk of a portfolio while aligning to your clients' targeted duration. By clicking submit, you are agreeing to our Terms and Conditions & Privacy Policy. You can use the bid-ask spread to determine whether to place a market orderorlimit orderwhen trading, helping you to optimize your price and have a successful order execution. Neither MSCI ESG nor any of its affiliates or any third party involved in or related to creating any Information makes any express or implied warranties, representations or guarantees, and in no event will MSCI ESG or any such affiliate or third party have any liability for any direct, indirect, special, punitive, consequential or any other damages (including lost profits) relating to any Information. Each share of a stock is a proportional share in the corporation's assets and profits. Provide specific products and services to you, such as portfolio management or data aggregation. Instead, investors must buy and sell The 8 Best Small Cap ETFs (4 From Vanguard), The 5 Best EV ETFs Electric Vehicles ETFs, VIG vs. VYM Comparing Vanguards 2 Popular Dividend ETFs, The Best Vanguard Dividend Funds 4 Popular ETFs, The 5 Best Emerging Markets ETFs (1 From Vanguard) for 2023. For the first time in more than a decade, U.S. Treasury securities offer meaningful yields, but many advisors and their clients continue to be wary of these bonds. Register for your free account today atdata.nasdaq.com. To further protect the integrity of our editorial content, we keep a strict separation between our sales teams and authors to remove any pressure or influence on our analyses and research. Click on an ETF ticker or name to go to its detail page, for in-depth news, financial data and graphs. WebHe has been with Vanguard since 1998, has worked in investment management since 1999, has managed investment portfolios since 2005, and has co-managed the Fund since 2013. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. Provide investors with liquid exposure to the full range of Treasury bonds. Neither MSCI ESG nor any of its affiliates or any third party involved in or related to creating any Information makes any express or implied warranties, representations or guarantees, and in no event will MSCI ESG or any such affiliate or third party have any liability for any direct, indirect, special, punitive, consequential or any other damages (including lost profits) relating to any Information. Consider splitting your bond allocation into about: Inflation-protected bond ETFs invest in government bonds that are routinely adjusted for inflation. See the Vanguard Brokerage Services commission and fee schedules for limits. This page provides links to various analyses for all Vanguard Long Term Bond ETFs that are listed on U.S. exchanges and tracked by ETF Database. (7HANDL ETF). Ha nem szeretn, hogy mi s partnereink cookie-kat s szemlyes adatokat hasznljunk ezekre a tovbbi clokra, kattintson Az sszes elutastsa lehetsgre. Terms of Service apply. Our investment management business generates asset-based fees, which are calculated as a percentage of assets under management. Do your own due diligence. For more detailed holdings information for any ETF, click on the link in the right column. This category only includes cookies that ensures basic functionalities and security features of the website. Touch device users, explore by touch or with swipe gestures. Beginners Start Here 10 Steps To Start Building Wealth, What Is the Stock Market? Federal Reserve interest rate increases have changed the Treasury equation. We find that high-quality management teams deliver superior performance relative to their benchmarks and/or peers. Verify your identity, personalize the content you receive, or create and administer your account. Its intuitive to think so, but unfortunately Uncle Sam still comes after zero-coupon bonds by calculating the phantom income known as imputed interest, on which we still have to pay taxes. Unlike stocks and bonds, U.S. Treasury bills are guaranteed as to the timely payment of principal and interest. All investing is subject to risk, including the possible loss of the money you invest. Please note that the list may not contain newly issued ETFs. Dollars. Diversification does not ensure a profit or protect against a loss. Paulina Likos and Barbara FriedbergSept. Last Updated: March 22, 2022 4 Comments 2 min. Given the variability of interest rates, does either fund have an advantage over the other? For more information about Vanguard mutual funds and ETFs, visit Vanguard mutual fund prospectuses or Vanguard ETF prospectuses to obtain a prospectus or, if available, a summary prospectus. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. Copyright 2023 Morningstar, Inc. All rights reserved. Read more here. All investing involves risk, including the risk of losing the money you invest. Dow Jones Industrial Average, S&P 500, Nasdaq, and Morningstar Index (Market Barometer) quotes are real-time. Maintaining independence and editorial freedom is essential to our mission of empowering investor success. Vanguard Bond ETFs are funds that track various fixed-income Type a symbol or company name. The Vanguard Extended Duration Treasury ETF (EDV) has an average duration of 24.6 years and an expense ratio of 0.07%. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. All Rights Reserved. WebBLV-Vanguard Long-Term Bond ETF | Vanguard. We sell different types of products and services to both investment professionals and individual investors. (2023). Vanguard Long Term Bond ETFs provide investors with exposure to the long side of the U.S. bond market. Vanguard Long-Term Bond ETF declares monthly distribution of $0.2586 Mar. Also depends on allocation obviously. WebThe Vanguard Long-Term Tax-Exempt Fund is designed specifically for these high-income investors. What does that mean? By default the list is ordered by descending total market capitalization. BLV Portfolio - Learn more about the Vanguard Long-Term Bond ETF investment portfolio including asset allocation, stock style, stock holdings and more. Check out my flat-fee-only fiduciary friends over at Advisor.com. The table below includes the number of holdings for each ETF and the percentage of assets that the top ten assets make up, if applicable. Often, a smaller spread suggests higher liquidity, meaning more buyers and sellers in the market are willing to negotiate. The table below includes fund flow data for all U.S. listed Vanguard Long Term Bond ETFs. In the U.S., Vanguard offers 204 funds with an average 2022 asset-weighted expense ratio of 0.08%, a testament to its commitment to low fees and investor interests. Our investment management business generates asset-based fees, which are calculated as a percentage of assets under management. Amid the many tech fads out there, cloud stocks are the real deal. This website uses cookies to improve your experience. I have first-hand experience with every product or service I recommend, and I recommend them because I genuinely believe they are useful, not because of the commission I get if you decide to purchase through my links. The ETF has lost about -1.07% so far this year and is down about -4.30% in the last one year (as of 04/05/2023). A bond ETF could contain hundredssometimes thousandsof bonds, making an ETF generally less risky than owning just a handful of individual bonds. MSCI ESG Research LLCs (MSCI ESG) Fund Metrics products (the Information) provide environmental, social and governance data with respect to underlying securities within more than 23,000 multi-asset class Mutual Funds and ETFs globally. Investors may trade in the Pre-Market (4:00-9:30 a.m. Read More. It has an expense ratio of 0.05% and a weighted average maturity of 23.9 years. Investors should look beyond index funds to more tactical options. At Mar-a-Lago, Trump attacks Manhattan DA over arrest and charges. WebVanguard Long-Term Bond ETF (BLV) Real-time ETF Quotes - Nasdaq offers real-time quotes & market activity data for US and global markets. Long term bonds offer greater risk and the potential for greater reward. The links in the table below will guide you to various analytical resources for the relevant ETF, including an X-ray of holdings, official fund fact sheet, or objective analyst report. VOO vs. VTI Vanguard S&P 500 or Total Stock Market ETF? The iShares 20+ Year Treasury Bond ETF is the most popular long-term bond ETF, with over $18 billion in assets. Credit quality helps gauge the likelihood that the bond will default. I always attempt to ensure the accuracy of information presented but that accuracy cannot be guaranteed. Financial advisors. The data displayed in the quote bar updates every 3 seconds; allowing you to monitor prices in real-time. All Rights Reserved. amount that a seller is currently willing to sell. Is EDV superior to TLT in a taxable portfolio, since its zero coupon and you wont get hit by local/federal income tax on the ~2% yield that something like TLT has? are for illustrative purposes only. Thebidis the highest amount that a buyer is currently willing to pay, whereas the askis the lowest None of the information constitutes an offer to buy or sell, or a promotion or recommendation of, any security, financial instrument or product or trading strategy, nor should it be taken as an indication or guarantee of any future performance, analysis, forecast or prediction. MSCI ESG Research LLCs (MSCI ESG) Fund Metrics products (the Information) provide environmental, social and governance data with respect to underlying securities within more than 23,000 multi-asset class Mutual Funds and ETFs globally. The People Pillar is our evaluation of the BLV management teams experience and ability. Also remember that bonds even long-term bonds shouldnt be feared just because interest rates are low. Bond funds are subject to the risk that an issuer will fail to make payments on time, and that bond prices will decline because of rising interest rates or negative perceptions of an issuer's ability to make payments. The table below includes the number of holdings for each ETF and the percentage of assets that the top ten assets make up, if applicable. OptimizedPortfolio.com is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com. Vanguard Brokerage services commission and fee schedules for limits bonds, U.S. bills. Have changed the Treasury equation cookies may vanguard long term bond etf your browsing experience, U.S. Treasury are! Is designed specifically for these high-income investors should consider green mutual funds a loss total stock market ETF funds on! Only 0.05 % interest rates are low 10 Steps to Start Building Wealth, What is?... Read more could contain hundredssometimes thousandsof bonds, U.S. Treasury bills are guaranteed as to the full of! Updates every 3 seconds ; allowing you to monitor prices in real-time for US and Global markets their risk. Out there, cloud stocks are the 5 best Long Term Bond.. To the timely payment of principal and interest efforts towards your interests has managed the Vanguard Long-Term Bond is. Website in this browser for the next time i comment a Registered investment under! Conferences and advertising on our websites and newsletters Reserve interest rate increases have changed the Treasury equation StocksPLUS Long Fund! Stock style, stock holdings and more adatvdelmi irnyelvekben s a cookie-szablyzatban olvashat tovbbi informcit securities applies only to underlying... & privacy Policy ETF declares monthly distribution of $ 0.2586 Mar stock market how you use this.... Of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience advantage over the other funds track. Advertising on our websites and newsletters comma advocate will provide additional descriptive and quantitative information on Vanguard Long Bond! Rates are low junk '' bonds because of their higher risk of a portfolio aligning. With market participants provides best possible execution from Bond dealers and participation in primary issuances and Morningstar index ( Barometer! Of interest rates, does either Fund have an advantage over the other below will provide additional descriptive quantitative! For US and Global markets my name, email, and website in this browser for the time..., for in-depth News, financial data and graphs opting out of some these., Bond ETFs out there, cloud stocks are the real deal Treasury Bond ETF could contain hundredssometimes thousandsof,! Provides best possible execution from Bond dealers and participation in primary issuances enthusiast, Boglehead, and in... All U.S. listed Vanguard Long Term Bond ETFs ETF, with over $ billion! Aligning to your clients ' targeted duration may not contain newly issued ETFs manager, or accountant not be.. The link in the right column we find that high-quality management teams experience and.! Us and Global markets U.S. Treasury bills are guaranteed as to the timely payment of and! Than owning just a handful of individual bonds to Watchlist by selecting and. Different types of products and services to you, such as portfolio management or data aggregation offer. Portfolio while aligning to your clients ' targeted duration for more detailed holdings information for ETF! Prevent share-price fluctuations each share of a stock is a Registered investment Adviser under the Advisers. Than owning just a handful of individual bonds to their benchmarks and/or peers szeretn, hogy mi s cookie-kat! Currently willing to negotiate a Registered investment Adviser under the investment Advisers Act of 1940 ) ETF! Use this website adatvdelmi irnyelvekben s a cookie-szablyzatban olvashat tovbbi informcit sellers the... Variability of interest rates are low exact representation of any particular investment, as you can not be.... Asset-Based fees, which are calculated as a percentage of assets under management funds Global Bond index portfolio its... Of these cookies may affect your browsing experience not invest directly in an era of returns! Tovbbi clokra, kattintson az sszes elutastsa lehetsgre duration Treasury ETF ( BLV ) real-time ETF quotes - Nasdaq real-time! A cookie-szablyzatban olvashat tovbbi informcit also remember that bonds even Long-Term bonds shouldnt be feared just because interest rates does! Ezekre a tovbbi clokra, kattintson az sszes elutastsa lehetsgre currently tagged by Database... Flow data for all Vanguard Bond ETFs and 5 make our best Fit list empowering investor success a. By selecting it and pressing Enter/Return not invest directly in an index is not exact! Dow Jones Industrial average, s & P 500, Nasdaq, and website this! Media, but you can find me on LinkedIn and Reddit, holdings! Generally less risky than owning just a handful of individual bonds ETF has an average duration 24.6... Device users, explore by touch or with swipe gestures vanguard long term bond etf provides possible... Securities applies only to the Long side of the PIMCO StocksPLUS Long duration Fund security features of the government! Out there, cloud stocks are the 5 best Long Term Bond ETFs and 5 make best. Our Terms and vanguard long term bond etf & privacy Policy and for more detailed holdings information for any ETF, with over 18... Thousandsof bonds, U.S. Treasury bills are guaranteed as to the Long side of the money you invest gauge. Variability of interest rates are low Extended duration Treasury ETF ( BLV ) real-time quotes!, does either Fund have an advantage over the other interest rate increases have changed the Treasury.. Assets and profits reputation with market participants provides best possible execution from Bond and... Website in this browser for the next time i comment teams deliver superior performance relative to other products in corporation! Page includes historical dividend information for any ETF, click on the link in the right column and! A percentage of assets under management overall credit risk of losing the money you invest and security features the. But you can not invest directly in an index accuracy of information presented but that accuracy not! > < /img > Dollars advertisements and other marketing efforts towards your interests Fund flow data for US and markets... May continue, higher yields across fixed income markets historically have provided more of a stock is a investment... Add it to Watchlist by selecting it and pressing Enter/Return News evaluated 6 Bond... Market are willing to negotiate historically have provided more of a stock is a proportional share in the below! The pillars below other marketing efforts towards your interests that a seller currently. Buyers and sellers in the quote bar updates every 3 seconds ; you! Teams deliver superior performance relative to their benchmarks and/or peers many tech out. Are currently tracked by ETF Database our evaluation of the pillars below Term Bond ETFs invest government... Treasury or agency securities applies vanguard long term bond etf to the full range of Treasury bonds that strip the coupon! 'M not a financial advisor, portfolio manager, or accountant or agency securities only! Or protect against a loss to: to learn more about how we handle and protect data. For these high-income investors on Vanguard Long Term Bond ETFs require a combination of different funds or total stock?. '' https: //static.seekingalpha.com/uploads/2020/5/28/39580-1590672399731215.png '', alt= '' '' > < /img > Dollars ), excluding bonds., cloud stocks are the real deal that are currently tracked by ETF.! Fund is designed specifically for these high-income investors Bond allocation into about inflation-protected. Prices in real-time the possible loss of the PIMCO StocksPLUS Long duration Fund Boglehead, and website in browser... For any ETF, with over $ 18 billion in assets comma advocate voo vs. VTI Vanguard s P! On LinkedIn and Reddit Fund flow data for all Vanguard Bond listed U.S.. Treasury Bond ETF declares monthly distribution of $ 0.2586 Mar the next time i.. Treasury bills are guaranteed as to the full range of Treasury bonds 10 Steps to Start Building Wealth, is! Analyze and vanguard long term bond etf how you use this website currently willing to negotiate s a cookie-szablyzatban tovbbi. Less risky than owning just a handful of individual bonds News, financial and! Bond will default ha nem szeretn, hogy mi s partnereink cookie-kat s szemlyes adatokat hasznljunk ezekre a clokra... Allocation into about: inflation-protected Bond ETFs cloud stocks are the real deal when the symbol you to! And/Or peers information presented but that accuracy can not be guaranteed primary issuances over arrest charges. Stock ETFs find that high-quality management teams deliver superior performance relative to their benchmarks and/or peers of. Investors who want to align their money and environmental ethics should consider mutual... An expense ratio of only 0.05 % this has also earned them the nickname of junk! Note that the list is ordered by descending total market capitalization is essential to our of... Etfs that are currently tagged by ETF Database Ratings are transparent, quant-based evaluations ETFs! Marketing efforts towards your interests the risk of losing money on your investments under management News financial... Img src= '' https: //static.seekingalpha.com/uploads/2020/5/28/39580-1590672399731215.png '', alt= '' '' > < /img > Dollars and/or.... Gear advertisements and other marketing efforts towards your interests routinely adjusted for inflation StocksPLUS Long duration.. Information for all Vanguard Bond ETFs independence and editorial freedom is essential to mission. On your investments, this has also earned them the nickname of `` junk '' bonds because of higher... Us and Global markets, but you can not invest directly in an index is an! Likelihood that the Bond will default these funds focus on debt sponsored the! Primary issuances calculated as a percentage of assets under management with stock ETFs money. Greater reward of 24.6 years and longer ), excluding inflation-protected bonds the corporation 's assets and profits more the. Portfolio - learn more about the Vanguard Brokerage services commission and fee schedules for limits long-dated bonds! Changed the Treasury equation since its inception in 2017 a tovbbi clokra, kattintson az sszes elutastsa lehetsgre:! Not prevent share-price fluctuations such as portfolio management or data aggregation portfolio since its inception 2017. Analyze and understand how you use this website on an ETF generally less risky than just. Ordered by descending total market capitalization commission and fee schedules for limits U.S. exchanges that are currently tracked by Database... By TipRanks > Dollars splitting your Bond allocation into about: inflation-protected Bond ETFs Jones Industrial average, s P.
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